ECO-INDUSTRIAL NETWORKING
This library provides a brief summary of various resources about eco-industrial
networks as well as contact information for further reference. Resources
are listed alphabetically by author's last name or in cases where there
is no author, by organization.
| Author(s): |
Clinton J. Andrews |
| Title: |
Overcoming the Open System Problem in Local Industrial
Ecological Analysis. |
| Description: |
The paper is geared toward finding the best manner to
positively effect policy development. It concentrates on developing effective
ways of creating analytical tools and communicating their results within
a jurisdictionally open system, such as the City of Trenton, New Jersey.
It describes the effectiveness of four analytical strategies for communicating
the results of analysis in topics such as solid waste management and electrical
consumption:
- Population-based Impact Analysis – provide useful first approximations
but the impact projections are not reliable in small jurisdictions.
- Comparative Analysis – are simple and effective but can suffer
from a lack of available data.
- Spatial Analysis – can be used to effectively organize multidimensional
data and communicate information and but only for a limited number of topics.
- Nested Analysis – can be used to effectively build theories
and can be adapted to the availability of data. |
| Contact Information |
The article can be found in the: Journal of
Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 44, no. 4, 2001, pg. 491-508 |
.
| Author(s): |
Clinton J. Andrews |
| Title: |
Putting Industrial Ecology Into Place: Evolving Roles
For Planners |
| Description: |
The Author discusses the evolution of the
term Industrial ecology as both a metaphor and a field of study. Its specific
area of concern is related to the area of planning. In particular methods
of achieving a “big picture” rational within the fragmented provinces of
public policy and planning were outlined. The paper concludes that for
industrial ecology to become accepted both planners and policy makers will
have to come to grips with their lack of control over the present system
of dispersed polluters. That said, the author notes that developing a bottom
up and integrated approach to planning will make economic decisions into
environmentally significant design choices that can build evolutionary
potential into the structure of a local economy. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of the American
Planning Association, Vol. 65, no. 4, 1999, pg. 364-375. |
.
| Author(s): |
Leo Baas |
| Title: |
Cleaner Production and Industrial Ecosystems, A Dutch
Experience |
| Description: |
This paper deals with the early stages involved
in setting up an industrial ecosystem centred on the harbour area of Rotterdam,
an area rich in petrochemical plants and refineries. It goes through the
various stages of development from the design phase through the feasibility
studies. The final implementation of the project was to start in the period
covered by the paper. Integral to the paper is the development of a series
of concepts that must be understood by all of the stakeholders in order
to facilitate their cooperation. The paper concludes that all of the stakeholders
must recognize their interdependence as an important first step in developing
a wiliness to cooperate in any industrial ecology project. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Cleaner Production,
Vol. 6, no. 3-4, 1998, pg. 189-197. |
.
| Author(s): |
Tracy Casavant |
| Title: |
The Role of Chemical Process Simulation in the Design
and Operation of Industrial Ecosystemsthor(s): |
| Description: |
Chemical process simulation has long-been used by engineers
for quantitative design and process problem solving at the plant level.
Given the focus on increasing the efficiency of material and energy use
and on establishing material and energy cycles in industrial ecosystems,
it would seem that chemical process simulation would be a useful addition
to the industrial ecology toolbox. However, a review of the chemical engineering
literature indicated that chemical process simulation has not been used
to create models with multiple companies, as would be required to model
an industrial ecosystem. Therefore, the first objective of this study was
to prove that chemical process simulation can be used to create models
comprising more than one company and, therefore, that chemical process
simulation can be used to model industrial ecosystems. The second objective
was to show that these models could be used to quantitatively evaluate
the benefits of potential material and energy linkages among the companies. |
| Contact Information: |
Tracy Casavant -
tracy@ecoindustrial.ca |
| Author(s): |
Marian R. Chertow |
| Title: |
Industrial Symbiosis: Literature and Taxonomy |
| Description: |
This paper provides a good overview of the
literature dealing with Industrial ecology available up to the year 2000.
Included within it are descriptions of five different types of Eco-industrial
or industrial symbiotic parks, complete with existing examples from around
the world and definitions of a number of the key terms. In addition, a
series of methods for approaching the organization of the interrelationships
between the various individual participants is outlined. Finally, the author
describes her view of the future development and sustainability of industrial
symbiosis. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Annual Review of Energy
and Environment. Vol. 25, 2000, pg. 313-337. |
.
| Author(s): |
Marian R. Chertow |
| Title: |
Waste, Industrial Ecology and Sustainability |
| Description: |
This paper explores the attitudes and practices
of the producers of both municipal solid waste and nonhazardous industrial
waste. The paper deals with the human side of both the recent debates on
what should be done with the waste that we produce, and the various concepts
of industrial ecology. Both of these subjects are dealt with in a straightforward
manner. The paper concludes that waste reduction is a more efficient way
of dealing with the garbage problem and that industrial ecology is one
of the ways that this reduction can be achieved |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Social Research, Vol.
65, no. 1, 1998, pg. 31-53. |
.
| Author(s): |
Cornell University |
| Description: |
Cornell University’s Work & Environment Initiative
has an extensive collection of on-line material about eco-industrial networks
including information on designing eco-industrial parks, getting started
with eco-industrial parks and common myths about eco-industrial parks.
The site also links to a number of articles, case study information and
an extensive list of eco-industrial development on-line links. |
| Contact Information: |
http://www.cfe.cornell.edu/wei/EIDP/eid.html |
.
| Author(s): |
Ray Côté |
| Title: |
Industrial Parks and Climate Change |
| Description: |
The ever-increasing number of industrial
developments, especially traditional industrial parks, estates and economic
development zones around the world, is a major concern due to greenhouse
effect which results from Greenhouse Gas(GHG) emissions. However, the design
and infrastructure of an industrial park/network can influence the magnitude
of the greenhouse gases emitted by the parks and their tenants. This study
identifies a number of practices and strategies that can be pursued individually
and cooperatively by industries for reducing and mitigating GHG emissions
and generating cost savings. This report lists the tenant, multi-industry
and parkwide strategies that have been identified during the case study
of Debert industrial park. |
| Contact Information: |
This report is available on-line at: http://www.peck.ca/epark.pdf |
.
| Author(s): |
Bryna C. Dunn and Anna Steinemann |
| Title: |
Industrial Ecology for Sustainable Communities |
| Description: |
This paper uses the ideas included within
Industrial Ecology and applies them to urban systems. Specifically, it
examines the potential role of planners in using these principles to develop
sustainable communities. The example of Kalundborg, Denmark is used to
illustrate the potential inherent in this system. The paper ends with a
discussion of some of the possible dangers of industrial ecology. The focus
of the paper is on the role of planners in helping to both maximize the
benefits and minimize the risks. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Environmental
Planning and Management, Vol. 41, no. 6, 1998, pg. 661-672. |
.
| Author(s): |
Jill Grant |
| Title: |
Industrial Ecology: Planning a New Type of Industrial
Park |
| Description: |
This paper describes the origins of the concepts
of Industrial ecology and explores several examples of this concept in
practice. The paper is written from a planning perspective. As such it
deals with a number of issues, such as the problems within the regulatory
environment and the conceptual changes that the system would be require
planners to deal with. There is also a good section on the potential barriers
that could prevent the large-scale adoption of Industrial Ecology. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Architectural
and Planning Research. Vol. 17, no. 1, 2000, pg. 64-81 |
.
| Author(s): |
Miriam Heller, Eric W. Von Sacken and Richard L. Gerstberger |
| Title: |
Water Utilities as Integrated Businesses |
| Description: |
This paper discusses the changes that are
occurring in how the modern concept of information technology (IT) has
the potential to give water utilities a competitive edge. The paper considers
the IT from each of a utility communications and a utility architecture
and an industrial ecology point of view. Within this frame work the potential
roles and advantages of industrial ecology are defined as they apply to
the issue of the urban drinking water supply. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: American Water Works
Association Journal. Vol.91, no. 11, 1999, pg. 72-83. |
| Author(s): |
Judy Kincaid |
| Title: |
Industrial Ecosystem Development Project Report |
| Description: |
This report summarizes a two-year project funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency to identify potential industrial
partnerships for reuse of materials, water, and energy in a six-county region in North Carolina. The project team visited 182 facilities and gathered information regarding reusable byproducts and inputs that could be used from other facilities. Data was mapped using GIS and categorized by material and by facility SIC code. The project identified potential partnerships for 48% of the 182 facilities. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found at http://www.tjcog.dst.nc.us/indeco.htm |
.
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen |
| Title: |
Two Paths to Industrial Ecology: Applying the Product-based
and Geographical Approaches |
| Description: |
The author suggests that, from a practical
standpoint, industrial ecology can be analyzed from two different but interrelated
points of view. The first of these is the product-based systems approach,
which involves a life cycle assessment or a cradle to grave perspective
of individual products. The second is the geographic approach, which uses
at its core the idea of local-region industrial integration or an eco-industrial
park. The function of this paper is to discuss both the similarities and
the differences between these systems. The author notes that under a number
of circumstances the two systems could produce contradictory decisions
in terms of environmental management and policy. The paper concludes that
this dilemma can be avoided by focusing on the societal material and the
natural material energy flow environment. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Environmental
Planning and Management, Vol. 45, no. 1, 2002, pg. 39-57 |
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen |
| Title: |
Two Paths to Industrial Ecology: Applying the Product-based
and Geographical Approaches |
| Description: |
The author suggests that, from a practical
standpoint, industrial ecology can be analyzed from two different but interrelated
points of view. The first of these is the product-based systems approach,
which involves a life cycle assessment or a cradle to grave perspective
of individual products. The second is the geographic approach, which uses
at its core the idea of local-region industrial integration or an eco-industrial
park. The function of this paper is to discuss both the similarities and
the differences between these systems. The author notes that under a number
of circumstances the two systems could produce contradictory decisions
in terms of environmental management and policy. The paper concludes that
this dilemma can be avoided by focusing on the societal material and the
natural material energy flow environment. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Environmental
Planning and Management, Vol. 45, no. 1, 2002, pg. 39-57 |
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen, Margareta Wihersaari and Ilkka Savolainen |
| Title: |
Industrial Ecosystem in the Finnish Forest Industry: Using
the Material and Energy flow Model of Forest Ecosystem in a Forest industry
System |
| Description: |
This paper examines the flow of four major
components, biomass, nutrients, carbon and energy, within a forest ecosystem.
Then the ways these natural flows are modified by the inclusion of the
local forest industry is discussed. Finally the concepts contained within
Industrial Ecology are used to create a number of methods of reducing the
impacts of the forest industry on forest ecosystems. The goal of the paper
is to create a forest management system that integrates the natural and
industrial components into a single sustainable system. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Ecological Economics.
Vol. 39, 2001, pg. 145-161. |
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen |
| Title: |
Material and Energy Flows in Corporate Environmental Management |
| Description: |
The author describes a number of the difficulties
in determining whether any individual industrial system is sustainable.
In an attempt to solve this problem the paper compares the materials and
energy flows in nature, in particular the areas of biomass (matter), nutrients,
energy and carbon, to the similar flows in industry as a way of trying
to determine the sustainability. These results are then compared with the
related flows in industrial systems |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: International Journal
of Sustainable Development, Vol. 21, no. 5-6, 2001, pg. 211-219. |
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen |
| Title: |
Co-production of Heat and Power: An Anchor Tenant of a
Regional Industrial Ecosystem |
| Description: |
This paper deals with the central problem
of substituting renewable energy sources for the present energy sources
based on non-renewable fossil fuels. As part of this conversion the author
identifies the use of power generation plants, in particular one that produces
both energy and heat, or a co-production generating system, as being the
key, or “anchor tenant” within a regional industrial ecosystem. The author
suggests that such a power generator could use a heterogeneous mix of waste
fuels as the basis of its power generation. This concept is then discussed
using existing examples of this type of system in Denmark, Finland and
The Netherlands. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Cleaner Production,
Vol. 9, no. 6, 2001, pg. 509-517. |
.
| Author(s): |
Jouni Korhonen |
| Title: |
Four Ecosystem Principals for an Industrial Ecosystem |
| Description: |
This paper compares industrial ecology with
the ecological concepts of roundput, diversity, locality and gradual change
with the purpose of finding their applicability to a regional group of
industrial actor’s, each of whim cooperate with each other in terms of
their waste material and energy utilization. The author feels that using
these four ecological principles can provide an understanding on a number
of the primary problems that revolve around industrial-environmental interactions.
Further, that the use of these four parameters also provides a more comprehensive
method of evaluating the how ecological a given industrial system is.
Specifically, the author identifies roundput with recycling and identifies
this as the weakest point in most industrial systems. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Cleaner Production,
Vol. 9, no. 3, 2001, pg. 253-259. |
.
| Author(s): |
Sheila A. Martin, Robert A. Cushman, Keith A. Weitz, Aarti
Sharma and Richard C. Lindrooth |
| Title: |
Applying Industrial Ecology to Industrial Parks: An Economic
and Environmental Analysis |
| Description: |
The author describes a number of the difficulties
in determining whether any individual industrial system is sustainable.
In an attempt to solve this problem the paper compares the materials and
energy flows in nature, in particular the areas of biomass (matter), nutrients,
energy and carbon, to the similar flows in industry as a way of trying
to determine the sustainability. These results are then compared with the
related flows in industrial systems. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Economic Development
Quarterly, Vol. 12, no. 3, 1998, pg. 218-237. |
.
| Author(s): |
Peter W. G. Newman |
| Title: |
Sustainability and Cities: Extending the Metabolism Model |
| Description: |
This paper uses the concept of metabolism,
and livability, to develop a practical meaning of sustainability as it
is applied to urban centres. The author feels that a simple model based
on these concepts can be used in developing applications for sustainability
with in urban areas. The potential of this model is then illustrated using
a number of ideas including industrial and urban ecology. The range of
applications for this model that the author feels are appropriate runs
from individual households through industrial areas to whole cities |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Landscape and Urban Planning,
Vol. 44, 1999, pg. 219-226.. |
.
| Author(s): |
Janice Noronha |
| Title: |
Scavengers and Decomposers in an Industrial Park Ecosystem:
A Case Study of Burnside Industrial Parknidad |
| Description: |
The objective of this research is to evaluate the theoretical
and practical application of industrial ecology principles to an existing
industrial park system. The study tests the natural system metaphor by
examining the roles and interactions of scavengers, decomposers and other
companies that support and promote material cycling functions in Burnside
Industrial Park, located in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia |
| Contact Information: |
Janice Noronha - janice@eem.ca |
.
| Author(s): |
Philemon Oyewole |
| Title: |
Social Costs of Environmental Justice Associated with
the Practice of Green Marketing |
| Description: |
The function of this paper is to provide
a link between green marketing, environmental justice and industrial ecology.
Green marketing is considered to be a method of marketing environmentally
friendly products. The author suggests that because industrial ecology
deals with creating products in an environmentally friendly way, in the
long term, it provides an important method of implementing green marketing.
Further, the author feels that green marketing is intimately linked with
environmental justice. It is suggested that sacrificing any group of individuals
cannot produce the production of environmentally friendly products |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Business Ethics,
Vol. 29, no. 3, 2001, pg. 239-251 |
.
| Author(s): |
Steven Peck |
| Title: |
Eco-Industrial Networks Devising Practical Tools for
Success, March 26th, 1998, Toronto, Ontario. |
| Description: |
The focus of this conference was to identify the economic
benefits, industrial opportunities, Canadian applicability and practical
implementation strategies and tools of eight eco-industrial networking
case studies. The morning plenary session provided an opportunity to present
an overview of eco-industrial network design and development trends by
drawing on eight case studies from the US and Canada. In the afternoon,
there were two streams of interactive sessions. Stream A initiated a discussion
with a focus on industry perspectives on establishing specific by-product
material and energy linkages and Stream B discussions focussed on aspects
of eco-industrial network development such as planning, financing, business
retention and expansion, brownfield redevelopment and greenfield site development
and community participation. |
| Contact Information: |
Full conference proceedings are available on-line at:
http://www.peck.ca/ein/ein.htm |
.
| Author(s): |
Julie Pezzack |
| Title: |
Company Ecology: A Case Study of a Sales, Marketing and
Distribution Company |
| Description: |
This study examined how strategies of industrial ecology
can be applied to a sales, marketing and distribution company, to decrease
the Company's environmental effects and increase corporate efficiency.
Aspects such as cyclical material flows, extended product responsibility,
and waste minimization were investigated to generate recommendations for
the Company. |
| Contact Information: |
Julie Pezzack - jpezzack@hotmail.com |
| Author(s): |
Audra J. Potts Carr |
| Title: |
Choctaw Eco-Industrial Park: An Ecological Approach to
Industrial Land-use Planning and Design |
| Description: |
This paper examines the problems involved
in converting an existing Industrial Park into an Eco-Industrial Park (EIP)
primarily from the perspective of the industrial landscaper. The paper
includes a brief literature review including a number of case studies,
an examination of the existing site and its uses and a plan for converting
the site into an EIP. While the author indicates that there are some limitations
to the plan including some problems when it comes to future expansion and
changes to the industries present the concept itself is viable. The author
also points out that the long term success of EIP’s will depend on Municipalities
and community leaders providing economic and political support and the
flexibility of the various regulatory agencies. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Landscape and Urban Planning,
Vol. 42, 1998, pg. 239-257. |
.
| Author(s): |
President's Council on Sustainable Development |
| Title: |
Eco-Industrial Park Workshop Proceedings, Oct.
17-18, 1996, Cape Charles, Virginia. |
| Description: |
The purposes of this workshop were to: (1) summarize and
provide a status report on eco-industrial projects around the country,
(2) increase support and the potential for success for all EIP efforts,
(3) identify key issues and how communities are addressing them, and (4)
discuss strategies for marshaling the necessary resources, expertise, and
investment to move forward. The workshop included short presentations from
15 communities that are at some stage of eco-industrial development. Presentations
and group discussions were also held on (1) Forming an Industrial Ecosystem,
(2) Recruiting new Firms and Retaining Existing Firms, (3) Governance and
Management Structures, (4) Strategies for Successful Community Involvement,
(5) Finance, and (6) Setting and Maintaining Performance Standards. Finally,
participants discussed critical questions and next steps for promoting
sustainable eco-industrial development. |
| Contact Information: |
Full conference proceedings are available on-line at:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/PCSD/Publications/Eco_Workshop.html |
.
| Author(s): |
Radian International LLC |
| Title: |
By-product Synergy: A Strategy for Sustainable Development |
| Description: |
By-product Synergy: A Strategy for Sustainable Development
(1997) is a primer prepared by Radian International LLC and presented by
The Business Council for Sustainable Development. The purposes of the primer
are education, communication, illustration and, most importantly, inspiration
about how business, society, and the environment can all benefit from by-product
synergy as a strategy for sustainable development. The primer provides
concrete examples of how companies have increased their profitability,
and reduced pollution and natural resource use through innovative cross-industry
collaboration. The potential for gaining even more benefits from by-product
synergy is also described. This information is aimed especially at developing
economies that have a chance to begin projects from the grassroots level. |
| Contact Information: |
Andy Mangan, Executive Director. Tel: (512) 794-8813,
Fax: (512) 794-8815, E-mail: andy_mangan@radian.com |
.
| Author(s): |
Nellie Roest |
| Title: |
Opportunities for Environmental Health Risk Management:
A Case Study of the Point Lisas Industrial Estate in Trinidad |
| Description: |
This study sought to develop a focussed understanding
of how industrial pollution may contribute to potential or perceived effects
on human health in communities located adjacent to industrial facilities,
using the Point Lisas Industrial Estate in Trinidad as a case study. The
study incorporated an ecosystem approach, which views the health of the
surrounding ecosystem in a broad context, integrating environmental, social
and economic concerns and relates it to human health. |
| Contact Information: |
Nellie Roest - nellie.roest@ec.gc.ca |
| Author(s): |
Matthias Ruth |
| Title: |
Dematerialization in Five US Metals Sectors: Implications
For Energy Use and CO2 Emissions |
| Description: |
This paper develops a dynamic model to illustrate
the system-wide implications of the changing processes, interactions, energy
use and CO2 emissions within the U.S. copper, lead, zinc, aluminum and
iron and steel industries. The author feels that plastics, ceramics and
other composite materials are replacing the products created by these industries.
The paper concludes that as the need for these metals reduces the industry
must compensate for lower incomes by both increasing efficiencies and reducing
their energy demands. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Resources Policy, Vol.
24, no. 1, 1998, pg. 1-18 |
| Author(s): |
Matthias Ruth and Paolo Dell'Anno |
| Title: |
An Industrial Ecology of the US Glass Industry |
| Description: |
The glass industry within the U.S. produces
a wide range of end use products, requiring large volumes of raw materials
and energy and producing a wide range of pollutants in the process. The
author states that the industry is now looking to minimize its current
effects on both materials cycles and energy flows by developing a systems
perspective. A dynamic computer model is used to block out the main stages
of the glass making process with the goal of quantifying the energy use
and CO2 emissions between 1988 and 2028. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Resources Policy, Vol.
23, no. 3, 1997, pg. 109-124. |
| Author(s): |
Smart Growth Network |
| Description: |
The Smart Growth Network has links to a number
of on-line and off-line eco-industrial network resources including reports,
workshop proceedings and case studies. |
| Contact Information: |
http://www.smartgrowth.org/resources/ecoind_res.html |
| Author(s): |
The Research Triangle Network |
| Description: |
The Research Triangle Network provides links to summaries
of two reports about eco-industrial networks: Eco-Industrial Parks:
A Case Study and Analysis of Economic, Environmental, Technical, and Regulatory
Issues and Fieldbook for the Development of Eco-Industrial Parks. |
| Contact Information: |
http://www.rti.org/units/ssid/cer/parks.cfm |
| Author(s): |
US Department of Energy |
| Description: |
The US Department of Energy’s Center of Excellence for
Sustainable Development website provides information about other communities
that have discovered the benefits of sustainable development, helps to
locate technical and financial resources that can help communities plan
and carry out sustainable development projects and provides access to model
codes and ordinances that other communities have used to implement sustainable
development. Specific information about eco-industrial networks can be
found under the heading of Sustainable Business. |
| Contact Information: |
http://www.sustainable.doe.gov/business/buintro.htm |
| Author(s): |
Venta, G. J. and Nisbet, M. |
| Title: |
Opportunities for Industrial Ecological Parks in Canada,
Case Study: Sarnia-Lambton Industrial Complex |
| Description: |
The primary objectives of this study are to: document successful
cases of formation of partnerships and networks assembled for the purpose
of resource conservation, or for reduction and recycling of process residuals,
and analyze the factors that made them successful; identify the economic,
regulatory and other barriers to forming partnerships; and establish the
principles for developing networks in other industrialized areas. |
| Contact Information: |
For further information, or to obtain a copy of the study,
e-mail Manfred Klein: manfred.klein@ec.gc.ca |
| Author(s): |
Venta, G. J. and Nisbet, M. |
| Title: |
Opportunities for Industrial Ecology Networks and Partnerships
in the Montreal Area |
| Description: |
The success of existing eco-industrial parks raises the
question of whether similar conditions at other locations would also support
formation of industrial ecological networks. In response to this question,
a study was made of a number of industrialized areas in the Montreal Region
to identify the extent to which partnerships and networks had formed and,
if they had not, to identify the factors that had inhibited them. |
| Contact Information: |
For further information, or to obtain a copy of the study,
e-mail Manfred Klein: manfred.klein@ec.gc.ca |
| Author(s): |
Heinz P. Wallner |
| Title: |
Towards Sustainable Development of Industry: Networking,
Complexity and Eco-Clusters |
| Description: |
This paper deals with the development of
sustainable development as an evolutionary step in the development of a
future industrial-environmental collaboration. The author feels that the
current model that is most appropriate to guide this development is industrial
ecology. He feels that the development of comprehensive networks involving
various activities including industry, which are based on the principals
of ecology, economy and sociology, can form a basis from which sustainable
development can be encouraged. With this in mind the author discussed a
number of alternative methods, which are available for cities to use in
developing these systems. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Cleaner Production,
Vol. 7, no. 1, 1999, pg. 49-58. |
.
| Author(s): |
Iddo K. Wernick, Paul E. Waggoner and Jesse H. Ausubel |
| Title: |
Industrial Ecology & Wood Products: The Forester’s
Lever |
| Description: |
In the years since 1900 the population of
the United States has grow by a factor of three, while the gross domestic
product (GDP) has risen 16 times. Even with the increased demand that these
numbers who indicate the number of hectares of forest area has remained
constant and the timber inventory has actually increased. This article
uses an analysis of the flow of forest products though the production phase,
(Foresters), The processing phase, (Millers), to the consumption phase,
(Consumers), to determine the reasons why this has happened. They use the
results of this investigation to determine what they consider to be, the
best way to reduce the national consumption of timber in the future. The
authors conclude that the most effective way to reduce the impact of timber
removal practices on the forest ecosystems is to actively manage the forests
to produce a maximum annual tree growth. In this way the enhanced bio-mass
of the individual trees can make up for increased consumption rather than
expanding the number of trees actually felled. |
| Contact Information: |
The article can be found in the: Journal of Forestry,
Oct. 2000, pg. 8-14. |
.
Cornell University Eco-Industrial Development Program
http://www.cfe.cornell.edu/wei/EIDP/eid.html
This site has information on how to design an eco-industrial park,
links to web sites of existing parks, articles on Industrial Ecology, and
a resources page with hot links.
DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT National Research Council's Design for Environment
Guide
http://www.nrc.ca/dfe
This site is a practical guide to help small and medium-sized enterprises
initiate action in Design for Environment.
DISTRICT ENERGY Canadian District Energy Association (CDEA)
http://www.cdea.ca
The CDEA is an industry association representing member utilities,
government agencies, building owners, consulting engineers, suppliers,
developers, bankers and investors who share a common interest in promoting
the growth of district energy in Canada
Journal of Industrial Ecology
http://mitpress.mit.edu/JIE
This is a new journal dedicated entirely to Industrial Ecology. Published
by MIT Press and Yale University. You can subscribe at the web site and
download sample articles.
LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Life Cycle Analysis Reference Sites
http://www.eea.eu.int/Projects/EnvMaST/lca
This is a Life Cycle Analysis reference site with pointers to many
other internet sites on the subject |
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